Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Loans and Savings Management System for Bentuco

National High School Faculty Cooperative
Ailen S. Laguda
Bicol University Graduate School Master in Information Systems
Legazpi City, Albay

Abstract:- This project aimed to improve the financial The article "Role of Cooperatives in Rural
management practices of Bentuco National High School Development: A Study of Savings and Loans Cooperative
Faculty Cooperative by developing and implementing a Societies in Oyo State, Nigeria" aims to investigate the role
Loans and Savings Management System. The project of savings and loans cooperative societies (SLCSs) in rural
objectives included identifying current loan and savings development in Oyo State, Nigeria. The study employed a
management practices, determining the technical mixed-methods approach, which included a survey of 285
requirements for an automated system, assessing the SLCS members and interviews with 12 key informants. The
potential benefits of implementing the system, and results show that SLCSs play a significant role in promoting
developing a functional system with a detailed timeline, rural development in the study area. The study found that
budget, and risk management strategy. A mixed- SLCSs provide access to credit, promote a savings culture,
methods approach was used, involving both qualitative and provide a platform for social mobilization and
and quantitative data collection and analysis. Data was community development. The study also identified some
gathered through interviews, surveys, and observations challenges facing SLCSs, including inadequate capital, poor
to identify current practices and common problems management, and low level of education among members.
faced by cooperative members. Based on these findings, The authors suggest that addressing these challenges through
a Loans and Savings Management System was designed capacity building and training programs will enhance the
using the MERN stack, anchored in Organizational effectiveness of SLCSs in promoting rural development in
Information Processing theory, and developed using the study area. (Adenugba & Fakoya, 2018)
Agile Methodology in software development. The
prototype was evaluated using Chi-square analysis, Another study on the impact of QuickBooks Pro on the
based on ISO 9241-11, and the actual system was financial performance of SMEs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
evaluated using ISO/IEC 25010. The results showed that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the software in
the system improved the efficiency, transparency, and improving the financial management of small businesses. A
accountability of financial transactions within the mixed-method research design was employed to gather
cooperative. Users were satisfied with the system and qualitative and quantitative data from business owners and
found it easy to use. The project provides insights into managers using QuickBooks Pro for their accounting needs.
the benefits of implementing an automated system for The survey questionnaire focused on the financial
financial management in a cooperative setting, and the performance of the SMEs before and after the adoption of
use of a mixed-methods approach can provide valuable the software. It collected information on key performance
data for designing and evaluating such systems. indicators such as revenue, profit, cash flow, and financial
stability. On the other hand, the interviews aimed to obtain
Keywords:- Website, MERN, Cooperative System. in-depth insights into the experience of the business owners
and managers with the software.
I. RATIONALE
Another study on the impact of QuickBooks Pro on the
The Bentuco National High School Faculty financial performance of SMEs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
Cooperative provides an essential financial service to its aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the software in
members, offering savings and loan programs to help them improving the financial management of small businesses. A
meet their financial needs. However, the current manual mixed-method research design was employed to gather both
system of managing loans and savings is prone to errors and qualitative and quantitative data from business owners and
delays, which can result in financial losses and managers who used QuickBooks Pro for their accounting
dissatisfaction among members. Therefore, a more efficient needs. The survey questionnaire focused on the financial
and effective system for managing loans and savings in the performance of the SMEs before and after the adoption of
Cooperative is needed. An automated system can streamline the software. It collected information on key performance
the loan and savings management process, reduce indicators such as revenue, profit, cash flow, and financial
paperwork, and provide real-time access to financial stability. On the other hand, the interviews aimed to obtain
information, making it easier for members to manage their in-depth insights into the experience of the business owners
finances. and managers with the software.

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Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Both system software and application software are understanding of financial management and make more
indispensable constituents of a computer system. System informed decisions about their financial futures. (Sulistiowati
software, which includes the operating system and utility et al., 2020) It can also improve transparency and
software, controls and manages the hardware and other accountability in the management of the school's cooperative
software programs on a computer. The operating system is finances, as all loans and savings transactions will be
the most critical component of the system software, as it recorded and tracked in the system (Jha, 2019).
manages the computer's memory, processing power, and
input/output operations. Utility software, on the other hand, The implementation of the Loans & Savings
provides additional functionality to the operating system, Management System in Bentuco National High School is a
such as disk management, antivirus, and system optimization necessary step to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of
tools. Together, the operating system and utility software loan and savings management practices. It can reduce the
ensure the efficient functioning of the computer system and workload for administrators. It can improve transparency and
provide a platform for application software to run. accountability. Above all, it can improve financial literacy
Application software, as mentioned, is designed to perform among its members.
specific tasks, such as accounting, customer relationship
management, and project management. These software II. PROJECT OVERVIEW
programs use the computer system's resources to process
data and provide useful information to users. There are A. Background of the Study
various types of application software available, including The current system of managing loans and savings in
general-purpose software and specialized software designed Bentuco National High School Faculty Cooperative is
for specific industries or tasks. One significant advantage of mainly manual, which is prone to errors, delays, and
application software is its ability to streamline business mismanagement. Furthermore, the manual system makes it
processes and increase efficiency. For example, using difficult for members to monitor their accounts and keep
accounting software can help automate financial tasks, such track of their financial transactions. The lack of real-time
as invoicing and payroll, and reduce the time and effort access to financial information can also hinder members
required for these tasks. Additionally, application software from making informed financial decisions, resulting in
provides users with tools to analyze data and make informed missed opportunities for financial growth. Consequently,
decisions, contributing to better business outcomes. (Baltzan, developing and implementing a Loans & Savings
n.d). Management System is crucial for the Bentuco National
High School Faculty Cooperative to overcome these
Timely access to information is a necessity in forming challenges. The system should be designed to improve the
the best management decision. MIS (Management efficiency and effectiveness of loan and savings
Information System) can provide the organization with management, provide real-time access to financial
timely access to information on each member's profile, information, and enhance transparency and accountability in
contribution, loans, loan interests, savings and savings the management of cooperative funds. The main problem
interests, and outcomes for planning, directing, controlling, that this study aims to address is the lack of an automated
and decision-making from the different parts of the system for managing loans and savings in Bentuco National
organization or system. (Gitman, McDaniel, & al., 2018) High School Faculty Cooperative, which results in
inefficiency, errors, and mismanagement, leading to financial
The implementation of a Loans & Savings losses, dissatisfaction among members, and a lack of
Management System (LSMS) for Bentuco National High transparency and accountability.
School Faculty Cooperative can bring about several benefits.
First, the system can improve efficiency in loan and savings  The Specific Research Questions that this Study Aims to
management by reducing the time and effort required to Answer are:
process transactions, thereby increasing the speed of service
delivery. Second, it can provide real-time access to financial  What are the current loan and savings management
information, allowing members to monitor their accounts practices in Bentuco National High School Faculty
and make informed financial decisions. Third, it can increase Cooperative and the common problems encountered by
transparency and accountability in the management of the the members?
Cooperative's finances, ensuring that members' funds are  What are the features and technical requirements of an
properly managed and accounted for. An automated system automated Loans & Savings Management System that
can streamline the loans and savings management process, would best meet the needs of the cooperative and its
reduce paperwork, and provide real-time access to financial members?
information, making it easier for staff to manage their  What are the potential benefits of implementing the
finances (Sulistiowati et al., 2020). system, such as improved efficiency, transparency,
accountability, and improved financial literacy among
Moreover, the implementation of such a system can members?
also contribute to the promotion of financial literacy among  What is the most effective deployment strategy for the
cooperative members. By providing members with access to Loans and Savings Management System for Bentuco
real-time financial information and automated tools for National High School Faculty Cooperative, considering
managing their finances, they can improve their the unique needs and characteristics of the cooperative

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Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
members, the school administration, and the local
community?

B. Software Methodology
The software development methodology selected for
the Bentuco National High Faculty Cooperative School
Loans & Savings Management System Agile Iterative
Development. Agile iterative development is a software
development approach that emphasizes flexibility and
responsiveness to changing requirements throughout the
development process. Under this approach, the development
process is broken down into small, manageable. At the end
of each iteration, the developer presents a working product or
a portion of the system that can be tested and evaluated by
the users. Feedback gathered from users is then used to make
necessary adjustments or changes before the next iteration
begins.
Fig 2 The Agile Iterative Model. Second Iteration
The first iteration is the development of high-fidelity
prototype using Reactjs where the users evaluated the system Figure 3 below is the Context Flow Diagram of the
using the evaluation tool based on the 9241-11:2018 system which involves 2 types of users, members and
usability and user satisfaction evaluation (see appendix F). administrators. The system evaluates the credentials and
Sprint planning and stand-up in this iteration involves the sends a response whether it is accepted or rejected. If
planning through meeting the stakeholders using the accepted, the user can now do transactions in accordance
questionnaires and interview guide found in appendix B. The with the user’s type. DFDs or Data Flow Diagram are used
development part is where the developer starts with the throughout the software development life cycle, from
development of the high-fidelity prototype from the input of requirements gathering to system testing and maintenance.
the previous sprint. Testing includes testing the
responsiveness of the design that will ensure a user-friendly
interface. After testing all the possibilities for the ultimate
user experience, the developer will present the high-fidelity
to the cooperative for feedback using the evaluation tool for
prototype. After the revisions based on the suggestions, the
developer will inform the cooperative on the results of the
evaluation and the plan for the next iteration. 1 is the first
iteration of the development which involves the creation of a
high-fidelity prototype. 2 is the second iteration which is the
development of both the front and back end of the system.

Fig 3 Context Flow Diagram of Loans and Savings

Management System for BNHSFC

The researcher utilized high fidelity prototype using

react.js. High-fidelity prototypes are highly interactive and
functional, and they are as close as they can get to the final
product. The front end of the system was developed first
without data but with links to show the users the possible
interface of the system. The researcher demonstrated the
prototypes to the users for their feedback and allowed them
to navigate the link. During the try-out of the prototype, the
researcher conducted usability and user satisfaction testing
for the participants.

The evaluation tool developed for the prototype and the

system involves a yes or no response utilizing ISO 9241-11,
so the researcher used chi-square fit to goodness to analyze
the data. The chi-square goodness of fit test was used to
Fig 1 The Agile Iterative Model. First Iteration compare the expected results of using the prototype to the

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Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
actual results observed during user testing. The expected III. DISCUSSIONS OF FINDINGS
results were based on the requirements and specifications of
the prototype, while the actual results were based on how A. Current Loan and Savings Management Practices and
well users were able to complete tasks or achieve goals using Problems Encountered in Bentuco National High
the prototype. School Faculty Cooperative
At present, the services being offered by the
The researcher hypothesized the following based on the cooperative are loans with lower interest and opportunities
category of the evaluation tool; there is no significant for savings with higher percentage returns. 13 is the
difference between the expected and observed frequencies of flowchart of the current loan process of BNHSFC. The
successful completion of a task by users on the prototype process requires that the treasurer receives the loan
during the usability and user satisfaction testing. Table 2 is application and assesses the ability of the member to pay the
the summary result of the evaluation conducted with the 22 loan amount. This includes credit investigation. If the
members of the cooperative on usability and user satisfaction member is qualified, the treasurer forwards the application to
testing. The chi-squared value of 0.636363636 and a p-value the chairman. There are also instances where the chairman
of 0.999914762 with the significance level of 0.05 suggested evaluates the application if she or he deem it necessary. After
that the researcher's hypothesis is acceptable. Therefore, the careful consideration, the chairman can now approve the
current design of the prototype will not be altered and will be loan. The process of loan application often takes weeks to
as is. The result of the analysis of the prototype suggests that complete because of the schedule conflict, especially since
there will be no revisions to the design of the prototype the officers in charge of the process are also teachers. This
presented to the user. poses one of the problems the members encounter, especially
if the purpose of the loan is for an emergency.
Table 1 Usability and User Satisfaction Test
Questions for Prototype The members of Bentuco National High Faculty
Category Yes No Cooperative face several challenges when it comes to loan
and savings management. However, they handle these
1. Usability Testing: challenges with grace by following the three weeks' time
Is it to navigate the website? frame on loan evaluations and release. Despite this, members
Are the menus and links clear and intuitive? still encounter delays in the loan processing due to the
verification of records by officers. To address this issue, the
Can users find the information they are looking for easily?
members suggested having a system that can provide them
Does it take to complete common tasks, such as filling out a form? with more convenient and efficient ways to manage their
Are there any areas of the website that are confusing or frustrating to use? loans and savings. Since all members own an android mobile
2. User Satisfaction: phone, they believe that having a system that can be accessed
through their mobile devices would be a great advantage.
Are you with the overall design of the website? With such a system, they can easily check their loan
How likely are you to recommend this website to others? application status, savings balances, and loan dues and due
Did you encounter any issues while using the website? dates. This allows them to keep track of their finances more
effectively and avoid any potential issues with loan
Is the quality of the content on the website good? repayment or savings management. The members are excited
Did the website meet your expectations? about the potential benefits that a new system can bring and
are looking forward to its implementation.
C. Programming Tools
The tool used in the development of the system is the B. Features of the Loans and Savings Management System
MERN Stack Technology. The MERN stack is a set of for Bentuco National High School Faculty Cooperative
technologies that work together to enable developers to build Based on the findings from the first objective, the
full-stack web applications using JavaScript. Figure 4 below technical requirements and key features of an automated
is the system architecture utilizing the 3-tier architecture of Loans & Savings Management System were identified.
MERN stack: These include a user-friendly interface, secure login, and
authentication features, a loan application and approval
process, automatic record-keeping and documentation, and
real-time access to account information. The Loans and
Savings Management System for Bentuco National High
School Faculty Cooperative is an automated system
designed to help the cooperative manage its loans and
savings more efficiently. The system provides a user-friendly
interface for members to access their account information,
make loan and savings transactions, and view their
transaction history.

Fig 4 3-Tier Architecture of MERN Stack

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Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
C. System Evaluation  Training and Support
Based on the results of the system evaluation, it was
assumed that the system passed the functionality test. When  Clogging to track errors and debug issues.
it comes to the functional completeness test, the system  Schedule regular maintenance tasks, such as backups
provides all the necessary functionality to meet the user's and updates. Monthly maintenance and quarterly
needs; there are no missing features or functions that would updates on iteration.
prevent the user from achieving their goals, and there are no
unnecessary or redundant features or functions that could be  Software and Hardware requirements for accessing the
removed to simplify the system. For the functional app
correctness test, the system produces the correct results when
performing its intended functions; there are no errors or bugs  For Desktop or Laptop
in the system that prevent it from working correctly, and the  Processor: Intel Pentium 4 or later
system has been thoroughly tested to ensure that it meets the  RAM: 2 GB minimum, 4 GB recommended
user's requirements.  Storage: 256 GB Memory or larger
 Display: 1280x1024 or larger
 Operating system: Windows 7 or later
 Recommended google chrome browser but any browser
that supports bootstrap will do.
 For mobile devices
 iOS or Android device with at least 2 GB RAM
 The minimum screen size of 4.7 inches
 Sufficient storage space for the app and its data
 Recommended google chrome browser but any browser
that supports bootstrap will do.

 Specifications for the Development

 Database: MongoDB or MySQL

 Backend: Node.js
 Frontend: React.js
Fig 5 Summary Functionality Test using Likert Scale  Recommended google chrome browser but any browser
that supports bootstrap will do.
D. Deployment Strategy  Developed in Sublime Text 3
 GitBash
 Environment Setup  Postman in testing the back-end.
 Set up production environment: This involves setting up  Hosting Requirements
the server, configuring the domain, setting up a
database, and installing necessary software like Node.js,  Heroku for the backend
MongoDB, and NGINX.  Vercel for the frontend
 Set up the Git repository: Create a repository on GitHub
or Bitbucket and clone it to the server. IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 ConSSH access: Add the server's public key to the
repository to allow deployment via SSH. After the text edit has been completed, the paper is
ready for the template. Duplicate the template file by using
 Production Deployment the Save As command, and use the naming convention
prescribed by your conference for the name of your paper. In
 Create a Heroku pipeline to deploy the application. this newly created file, highlight all of the contents and
 Use Heroku's continuous delivery feature to import your prepared text file. You are now ready to style
automatically deploy code changes to the staging your paper; use the scroll down window on the left of the
environment. MS Word Formatting toolbar.
 Once the changes are tested and approved, promote
them to the production environment. A. Conclusions
After the implementation of the Loans and Savings
 Monitoring and Maintenance Management System for Bentuco National High School
Faculty Cooperative and receiving positive feedback from
 Clogging to track errors and debug issues. users, it can be concluded that the system has successfully
 Schedule regular maintenance tasks, such as backups addressed the issues faced by the cooperative's members in
and updates. Monthly maintenance and quarterly the previous manual system. The automated system has
updates on iteration. greatly improved the efficiency, transparency, and

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Volume 8, Issue 5, May – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
accountability of the cooperative's loan and savings Additionally, partnerships with local financial institutions or
management practices. Members can now easily access their government agencies may be explored to leverage resources
account information and apply for loans through the user- and expertise in implementing the system.
friendly interface of the system. Furthermore, the system has
also contributed to the financial literacy of the cooperative's Further recommendations were also given such as the
members, as they can now track their transactions and inclusion of subsidiary ledger. A subsidiary ledger is a
balances. record-keeping system that contains detailed information
about specific accounts, such as loans or savings accounts,
In conclusion, the Loans and Savings Management and is used to support the general ledger. It is recommended
System for Bentuco National High School Faculty that the cooperative implement a subsidiary ledger for its
Cooperative has provided significant benefits to the loan and savings accounts, in order to provide more accurate
cooperative and its members and serves as a successful and detailed information about member accounts and
example of how an automated system can enhance the improve overall record-keeping practices. This involve
management of cooperative loans and savings. creating a separate ledger for each type of account, which
would track individual member transactions and balances.
B. Recommendations By implementing a subsidiary ledger, the cooperative could
Based on the successful implementation and user improve its ability to manage member accounts and ensure
satisfaction with the Loans and Savings Management System accuracy and transparency in its loan and savings
for Bentuco National High School Faculty Cooperative , the management practices.
following recommendations are suggested:
Another recommendation is continuous monitoring and
Based on the research findings, it is recommended that evaluation. The system should be regularly monitored and
the Bentuco National High School Faculty Cooperative evaluated to ensure that it continues to meet the needs of the
transition from their current manual record-keeping system cooperative and its members. This will help identify any
to an automated system that would address the problems issues that arise and provide an opportunity to address them
encountered by the members, such as errors and delays in before they become major problems. Regular training should
updating member accounts, difficulty accessing account also be conducted specially after every iteration. The
information, lack of real-time updates, and lack of cooperative should provide regular training to its members to
transparency and accountability in loan and savings ensure they are familiar with the system and its features
management practices. updates. This will help members use the system effectively
and reduce the need for support and assistance.
The recommended features and technical requirements
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