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Our key findings about US healthcare worker deaths in the pandemic’s first year

This article is more than 3 years old

The project counted more than 3,600 healthcare worker deaths, with the majority of people who died under the age of 60

BackLost on the frontline Thousands of US healthcare workers have died fighting Covid-19. We count them and investigate why.
Guardian
OUR REPORTING

Lost on the frontline has counted more than 3,600 healthcare worker deaths. The first fatalities that we recorded occurred in mid-March 2020, and we finished our count on 7 April 2021.

These are our findings.

More than half were younger than 60

In the general population, the median age of death from Covid-19 is 78. Yet among healthcare workers in our database, it is only 59. The majority of people who died were under the age of 60. Hundreds of even younger people also died while working on the frontlines.

Of the 1,677 people for whom we have age data.

20-29
36
30-39
101
40-49
270
50-59
472
60-69
573
70+
225

A majority of deceased healthcare workers identified as people of color

Although non-Hispanic white Americans account for about 60% of the US population, and Black Americans account for 13% of the population, we found that white healthcare workers died at a lower rate.

Of the 862 people for whom we have race data.

White
255
Black
185
Asian/Pacific Islander
145
Hispanic
106
Native American
16

Many of the cases involved concerns over inadequate PPE

We learned that a large number of those who died were worried about not having enough personal protective equipment (PPE). (We only possess information about PPE concerns for a smaller subset of cases, based on interviews with family members, friends and colleagues, as well as text messages or online messages some victims sent before they died.)

Of the 654 people for whom we have data on PPE concerns.

Unknown/
Other
344
No
165
Yes
145

More than a third of the healthcare workers who died were born outside the United States

And those from the Philippines accounted for a disproportionate number of deaths.

Of the 983 people for whom we have information on their country of origin.

United States
606
Philippines
113
Mexico
16
Haiti
16
Nigeria
13
India
10
Guyana
9
Cuba
8
Jamaica
7
Pakistan
7
Show all

Nurses and support staff account for most deaths

Roughly one in three were nurses, but the total also includes physicians, pharmacists, first responders and hospital technicians, among others.

Of the 1,734 people for whom we we have information on their occupation.

Nurse
562
Healthcare support
346
Physician
291
Medical first responder
123
Administrator/Administrative support
103
Healthcare technologist
76
Diagnosing clinician
73
Community or social worker
53
Cleaner
34
Other
30
Culinary/food services
22
Security personnel
20
Coroner
1

Over 700 worked in New York and New Jersey

These were the two states hit hardest at the outset of the pandemic.

Of the 3,606 people for whom we have information on where they worked.

N.Y.
453
Texas
349
Calif.
332
N.J.
268
Fla.
182
Ill.
171
Pa.
122
Mich.
115
Ohio
99
N.C.
92
Show all

A huge number of the deaths were early in the pandemic

Nearly 800 died in March, April and May, during the initial surge on the east coast.

Of the 1,694 people for whom we have information on the exact date they died.

Mar 2021
5
Feb 2021
29
Jan 2021
141
Dec 2020
158
Nov 2020
113
Oct 2020
59
Sep 2020
57
Aug 2020
107
Jul 2020
138
Jun 2020
111
May 2020
215
Apr 2020
463
Mar 2020
81
Feb 2020
6
Jan 2020
2

Most people did not work at hospitals

About 25% of people worked at a hospital. Everyone else worked in residential facilities, outpatient clinics, hospices and prisons, among other places.

Of the 3,132 people for whom we have data on where they worked. Community health includes people who worked at shelters, health departments and organizations that do street outreach.

Nursing and residential facility
1814
Hospital (private)
551
Outpatient clinic
209
Hospital (public)
202
Ambulance company/fire department
117
Other
51
Community health
50
Home health
49
Pharmacy (not in hospital)
30
Prison/jail/detention center
24
Hospice
23
Community health center
9
Laboratory (not in hospital)
2
EMS education
1

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